How is 'deviance' defined in sociology?

In sociology, deviance is defined as behavior that violates societal norms. Societal norms are the unwritten rules and expectations for behavior within a given society or group. When an individual acts in ways that differ from these norms, their behavior may be considered deviant. This can include a wide range of actions, from minor infractions like dress code violations to more serious offenses like theft or violence.

Understanding deviance is crucial in sociology as it can reveal much about the social structure, cultural values, and the boundaries of acceptable behavior within a society. The concept of deviance is central to discussions on social control, conformity, and the reactions of society to those who do not conform.

Behaviors that adhere to societal norms, seek to challenge authority, or are randomly accepted do not align with the sociological definition of deviance, as they either conform to or operate within established social expectations rather than violate them.