What does 'conflict theory' primarily focus on?

Conflict theory primarily focuses on the struggles for power between different groups within society. This theoretical framework posits that society is characterized by inherent conflicts stemming from economic disparities, social inequalities, and competing interests. Conflict theorists, such as Karl Marx, argue that these struggles shape social structures and institutions, influencing everything from wealth distribution to social norms and values.

By examining how power dynamics operate among various classes, races, and other social groups, conflict theory sheds light on issues such as oppression, exploitation, and resistance. It highlights that social change often arises from these conflicts, leading to greater awareness and, ideally, reforms that address systemic inequities. Thus, understanding conflict theory allows sociologists to critically analyze society’s foundations and the ongoing struggle for resources and influence among differing factions.