What does 'discourse' mean in sociology?

In sociology, 'discourse' refers to the ways in which language and communication shape our understanding of social realities. It encompasses the various ways we express thoughts, ideas, and beliefs, influencing how individuals and groups perceive and interact with the world around them. This concept highlights that communication is not merely about exchanging information, but also about the power relations and social constructions embedded in that exchange. Through discourse, we establish norms, create identities, and construct meanings that play a crucial role in shaping societal dynamics. This perspective is essential for analyzing how language functions in various contexts, including culture, politics, and social institutions.