What does 'functionalism' emphasize in sociology?

Functionalism emphasizes the stability of society as a complex system by focusing on how various social institutions and processes work together to maintain the overall cohesion and function of society. This perspective suggests that each aspect of society, including laws, education, family structures, and religion, serves a purpose that contributes to the stability of the social order. For functionalists, understanding the roles that different institutions play helps explain how society can operate smoothly and remain functional over time.

This approach highlights that change in one part of the system can affect other parts, potentially leading to instability if not addressed. Therefore, the focus is on maintaining balance and harmony within the social structure, making it clear why the emphasis is on stability rather than individual experiences, power dynamics, or social change itself. These other aspects are acknowledged within sociology but are not the primary focus of functionalism, which distinctly prioritizes the interdependence and functionality of societal components.