Which sociological theory emphasizes power dynamics?

Conflict theory is centered on the idea that society is made up of groups that are in constant competition for limited resources, including power, wealth, and status. This theory highlights the dynamics of power disparities in society and examines how these inequalities shape social structures and relationships. Key figures associated with this theory, such as Karl Marx, argue that social conflict arises from the struggles between different social classes, which leads to social change and development.

In contrast, functionalism focuses on the roles and functions of various parts of society and how they contribute to overall stability and order. Symbolic interactionism examines the meanings and interpretations of social interactions at a micro level, often looking at individuals' behaviors and societal symbols. Structuralism analyzes the underlying structures that shape human behavior but does not primarily focus on power dynamics like conflict theory does. Thus, conflict theory specifically addresses the nature of power and inequality, making it the most relevant choice in this context.